Research Paper Volume 15, Issue 17 pp 9022—9040
Causal relationship between Alzheimer’s disease and cardiovascular disease: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis
Figure 3. Scatter plot of AD and CVD. The horizontal coordinate represents the effect of SNP on exposure when AD is an exposure; the ordinate represents the effect of SNPS on outcomes when CVD is the outcome. (A) Exposure: AD, outcome: Angina pectoris (AP); (B) Exposure: AD, outcome: Cardioembolic stroke (CES); (C) Exposure: AD, outcome: Atrial fibrillation (AF); (D) Exposure: AD, outcome: Heart failure (HF); (E) Exposure: AD, outcome: Coronary heart disease (CHD); (F) Exposure: AD, outcome: Myocardial infarction (MI); (G) Exposure: AD, outcome: Ischemic stroke (IS); (H) Exposure: AD, outcome: Large-artery atherosclerotic stroke (LAS). Abbreviations: AD: Alzheimer’s disease; CVD: cardiovascular disease.